Menulis Bibliografi
Teks Asal:
Bibliografi. Bibliografi ini pentinglah. Memanglah semua
penting. Semua bab dalam tesis penting. Semua penulisan penting, bibliografi
pun penting. Bila kita nak buat bibiliografi kita kena konsisten lah sama ada
buat gaya APA atau MLA. Tetapi pelajar dia suka yang APA ni. Katanya mudah tapi
bila kita tengok, buat salah jugak. Jadi bibliografi ni, kalau APA tu biasalah
kalau kita tengok dalam buku ni saya ada letak contoh bagaimana nak tulis
rujukan dalam bentuk APA. Sebab kalau saya letak dua-dua ni kan, biasanya
kebanyakan tesis memang APA. Jadi kita kena pastikan bahawa kalau jurnal, kalau
rujukan jurnal dia punya nama italic. Jadi kalau kita lihat di sini kalau kita
lihat contoh-contoh yang terdapat dalam ini, sekejap ya. Okay, kita ada lah
semua sekali. Macam mana kita nak, kejap sini. Bibliografi dan rujukan, contoh
nama Melayu kita nak rujuk macam mana. Contohnya bibiliografi dan rujukan nama
Alim al-Mustaqim Billah Roslan, nama dia kemain lah panjangnya. Contohnya, nama
Melayu kena letak nama Melayu semua. Panjang panjang lebar tu. Yelah, maklumlah
zaman sekarang kan nama Melayu ada 3 perkataan, ada sampai 4 perkataan. Ada
yang sampai lima, penat cikgu nak tulis masa sekolah nanti. Sebab itulah nama
contohnya Alim al-Mustaqim Billah, akhirnya mak dia, dia pergi buat cop. Jadi
buku tulis dia semua dicop je. Tak larat nak tulis dengan tangan. Jadi, nama
Melayu letak nama penuh. Dalam bibliografi pun penuh, dalam rujukan pun penuh.
Dalam tesis begini, dalam biliografi begini. Jadi, semuanya nama begini. Kalau
nama Chin Li Li, contohnya letak Chin ataupun bukan bibliografi letak Chin LL,
dalam bibliografi. Nama Arumugam Muthusamy, bagaimana bagaimana. Nama Jepun,
bagaimana bagaimana dan seterusnya.
Ada contoh-contoh. Jadi, kalau misalnya kita lihat dalam
buku ini kalau rujukan dalam tesis kita letak, kalau ni Normaliza Abd Rahim,
2019 dalam kurungan. Jadi, kalau ada kurungan semua, letak kurungan semua.
Takde koma, letak kurungan semua. Jadi, ini titik dua kalau ada halaman dan seterusnya.
Kita ada banyak contoh-contoh kita ya. Jadi, bibliografi hendaklah mengandungi
maklumat seperti berikut. Jadi, ini ada semua maklumat-maklumat dia. Jadi,
penulisan rujukan dalam tesis bagaimana? Ini semua arahan ya. Jadi, ada
cara-cara penulisan, semua ada dalam ini supaya ia tidak keliru. Apa yang saya
nak jelaskan di sini, pastikan apa penulisan dia mesti betul dalam bibliografi.
Dan juga yang penting..Ini dalam tesis, ini bibiligorafi. Okay, apa yang awak
rujuk dalam tesis perlu ada dalam bibliografi. Kemudian semak. Saya suka semak
secara manual. Maknanya, saya printkan bibliografi, letak tepi. Laptop letak
kat sini. Tengok muka surat satu, satu-satu letak. Kalau dah tag, kita letak
warna merah dekat laptop. Bil dah laptop, bibliografi kita tanda right. Lepastu
ini, right. Kita tanda right. Sebab kalau buat manual memang betul. Kita bukan nak
percaya sangat dekat mesin ni, bukan tak percaya ya, memang tak percaya. Mesin,
nama pun mesin kan. Jadi dalam tesis ada rujukan tu, ni sebelum kita nak hantar
tesis ni. Kemudian kita semak dalam biblio ada nama tu, dalam tesis kena lah
ada. Bermakna, kita kena cross referencing. Bermakna kedua-duanya pasti ada,
ada. Yang tak ada, buang. Janganlah semata-mata bercita-cita nak bibliografi
sampai 10, 15 halaman sedangkan tak ada pun dalam tesis. Kita pemeriksa, kita
semak satu-satu. Sebab itu tugas pemeriksa. Satu satu. Itulah kerja saya. Saya
baca dalam tesis, saya buka tengok belakang saya right. Saya buka, ni kenapa
belakang? Dalam ni contohnya, namanya Muhammad Mustaqim Roslan 2019, tiba-tiba
dekat belakang Muhammad Mustaqin Roslan 2018 pula.
Dah lain pula tu, seolah-olah ada 2 artikel berbeza. Jadi
salah. Macam contohnya dalam bibliografi ada, Aman Mustaqim Roslan 2019, tengok
dekat dalam Aiman Mustaqim Roslan 2015. Memang tak kena lah, dua-dua salah.
Jadi, pastikan semak satu-satu. Ok, untuk tesis ya memanglah untuk tesis dan
juga untuk artikel pun macam tu ya. Kita perlu ada 70 peratus rujukan terkini.
Terkini maknanya macam saya katakan mestilah rujukan yang 5 tahun kebelakang.
Jadi yang itulah yang awak pastikan. Kalau awak hantar tesis pada 2023,
maknanya 5 tahun kebelakang 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019. Lima tahun kebelakang. 70
peratus, maknanya apa yang awak buat ialah jumlah kesemua dulu. Semua dalam
biblio, kemudian mula jumlah. Contohnya jumlah. Kita bagi contoh. Jumlah kalau
100, semua sekali dalam tesis dia. Kemudian saya kira yang 5 tahun kebelakang.
5 tahun kebelakang saya kira ada 70. Jadi awak tekan awak punya kalkulator,
dekat fon awak yang mahal daripada saya tu. Jadi awak tekan kalkulator,
tekanlah peratus apa kali seratus. Maknanya awak sudah ada 70 peratus rujukan
terkini. Maknanya, tesis ini boleh diterima. Kalau misalnya ialah, maklumlah
kita ni sebenarnya nak mengelak pelajar ni daripada plagiat. Dia tiru
bulat-bulatlah, ataupun pelajar tu memang malaslah kesimpulannya. Nak baca pun
tak nak, nak rujuk yang terkini lagilah tak nak. Lepas tu bila kita tanya
kenapa takde rujukan terkini? Oh, takde kajian prof. Saya cari-cari takde
jumpa. Yang dicari tu, ada tiga je artikel yang dia cari. Lagi 546 tajuk sama,
dia tak cari. Dia dah cari tapi, saya dah cari tapi tak jumpa. Aduhai. Jadi
ayat tu kita tak terima. Jadi semua pun tak terima. Bukan saya sahaja tapi
semua penyelia pun tak terima. Jadi, pastikan awak cari. Tepat, dapat 70
peratus memang boleh terima. Boleh goyang kaki pergi jalan-jalan. Pergi IOI,
makan banyak-banyak sebab boleh lah kita meraikan bahawa rujukan 70 peratus
sudah tercapai. Begitu. Jadi, pastikan 70 peratus. Janganlah sampai awak dapat..
Alamak prof, 20 peratus je prof. Saya dah usaha, 3 tahun saya usaha. Nak cari
rujukan yang terkini, tak jumpa. Saya dapat semua kebanyakan 1980-an. Pastu
dapatlah 2010 ke bawah. Memang saya kata silalah buat universiti sendiri. Sebab
dia tak usaha langsung. Jadi pastikan 70 peratus daripada rujukan terkini.
Tengoklah bila tarikh yang awak nak hantar, buatlah
rujukan yang itu. Jangan.. ada satu lagi ya. Contoh ya, kalau awak hantar tadi
2023. Okay, dia nak 2023 tu pada bulan Disember. Okaylah kita ambil Oktober .
Oktober ni nak hantar 2023 tetapi didapati bahawa yang rujukan 2023 tiada.
Langsung tiada dalam tesis tersebut. Sedangkan masa dia nak submit ialah
Oktober. Maknanya artikel untuk 2023 dah keluar banyak dah. Dah keluar banyak,
tapi bila kita semak takde rujukan 2023. 2022 lagilah takde. Yang dia banyak
yang ini, 2021, 2022. Tak bolehlah. Kita
kena ada lah terutama yang ini, yang memang kalau ada yang terkini masa awak
hantar tesis memang terbaik lah. Ada pula yang ini, lagilah! Jadi yang ini
penting. Jangan yang ini je kita fokus. Jadi pastikan ada, pada tarikh awak
hantar tu, tahun itu punya rujukan mesti ada. Okay, bahagian ini penting.
Rujukan ini semua penting. Cara-cara nak merujuk semua ada dalam ni. Ada
pelbagai cara buat rujukan. Biblio dan rujukan, bagaimana kita nak tulis, semua
cara dia berbeza. Tapi kalau nama Melayu dalam jurnal Melayu mesti kena tulis
nama penuh ya. Contoh, Normaliza Abd Rahim. Tetapi kadang-kadang saya hantar
artikel atau jurnal antarabangsa, contohnya saya dah tulis dalam artikel tu
Nomaliza Abd Rahim. Bibliografi pun Normaliza Abd Rahim, tetapi dia orang
formatkan semula. Jadi nama saya jadi begini. Dia yang automatik buatkan, saya
tak buat. Sebab saya percaya, sebab kalau yang ini ada berjuta-juta orang nama
Rahim. Terutamanya Rahim ini, memang ramailah. Sebab itu saya ambil Normaliza
Abd Rahim, tapi terpaksalah kita ikut cara jurnal itu. Sebab jurnal
antarabangsa tu memang ada formatnya sendiri. Kadang-kadang saya submit, dia
hantar balik dan dia katakan mohon untuk tukar cara penulisan, so baik kena
ikut cara dia. Ini kerana nama Barat memang kena nama akhir lah. Sebab itu dia
kena ikut semua cara Barat. Kita ikutlah cara Barat. Terpulang pada apa yang
terkeluar lah. Kalau ini jurnal. Nanti jurnal saya jelaskan dalam video yang
lain ya.
Jadi jelas ya tentang penulisan biblio ini? Sangat
penting ya, 70 peratus. Kalau tak cukup cari lagi. Jangan hantar tesis selagi
tak cukup. Sebab ini menunjukkan kualiti tesis tersebut. Kalau misalnya awak
dapat 60 peratus memang tak boleh la nak diterima. Sebab tak nak usaha,
sebenarnya boleh je cari. Banyak je artikel terkini yang awak boleh sorot.
Terjemahan:
Bibliography. This bibliography is
important. Of course everything is important. All chapters in the thesis are
important. All writing is important, bibliography is also important. When we
want to make a bibliography we have to be consistent whether it is for APA or
MLA style. But students like this APA. They
said it was easy but when we check they still make a mistake too. So this
bibliography, if APA it is normal. If we look in this book I have an example of
how to write a reference in the form of APA. Because if I put these two
together, usually most thesis are APA. So we have to make sure that if it is a
journal, if it is a journal reference, it has an italic name. So if we look
here if we look at the examples found in this, for a moment yes. Okay, we have
it all at once. What do we want, wait a second. Bibliography and references,
examples the Malay name which we want to
refer. For example, the bibliography and reference is the name of Alim
al-Mustaqim Billah Roslan. His name is too long. For example, the Malay name Malay
name all taxable park, which is long and wide. Yeah, it's known today, Malay
name have three words, there are up to four words. There are up to five, and so
the teacher is will get tired to write their name soon. That is why the name for
example Alim al-Mustaqim Billah his mother need to have a stamp for it. So his
notebooks are all stamped. No need to write by hand. Thus, the name of the
Malay name in full. The bibliography is full, the references are also full. In
this thesis, in this biliography too. So, everything is named like this. If Chin Li
Li's name is, for example, Chin or not is a bibliography of Chin LL, in the
bibliography. Name Arumugam Muthusamy, how is it? Same goes to Japan name and
so on.
There are examples. So, if for example, we
see in this book if the reference in our thesis is placed, if this is Normaliza
Abd Rahim, 2019 in parentheses. So, if there are all the brackets, put all the
brackets. No coma, place all the brackets. So, this is the second point if
there is a page and so on. We have many examples there. So, the bibliography
should contain the following information. So, here is all the information. So,
how to write a reference in a thesis? These are all instructions. So, there are
ways of writing, all in this so that it is not confused. What I want to explain
here, make sure what we writes must be correct in the bibliography. And also
what is important..This is in the thesis, this is bibliography. Okay, what you
refer in the thesis should be in the bibliography too. Then check. I like to
check manually. Means that, I print the bibliography, put it aside. The laptop
is located here. Look at the pages one by one, one by one. Once tagged, we
place the red color near the laptop. When it comes to laptops, our bibliography
is the right sign. Then this, right. We mark right. Because if you make a
manual, it is correct. We do not want to believe too much on the machine. We do
not believe. Exactly yes, we do not believe. Machine, the name of the machine
right. So in the thesis there is the reference, before we want to submit this
thesis. Then we check in the bibliography if the name was there, so in the thesis it must
be there too. Means that, we have to do cross referencing. Means that, both are
there. What is not there, just put it aside. Do not just aspire to bibliography
up to 10, 15 pages when there is nothing in the thesis. We checkand still check one by one. That is why it is the duty
of the examiner. One by one. That is my job. I read in the thesis, I opened the
last pages. I opened and asked what is wrong? In this example, his name is
Muhammad Mustaqim Roslan 2019, suddenly on the last pages, Muhammad Mustaqin Roslan is in 2018.
It's different, as if there are 2 different
articles. So it is wrong. For example, in the bibliography, Aman Mustaqim
Roslan 2019, take a closer look at Aiman Mustaqim Roslan 2015. It is not
right, both are wrong. So, be sure to check one by one. So, for the thesis, of
course for the thesis and also for the article like that. We need to have 70
percent up-to-date references. The latest meaning is like I said must be a
reference 5 years ago. So that's what you have to make sure this. If you submit
a thesis in 2023, it means 5 years ago 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019. Five years ago.
70 percent, meaning what you do is the sum of all first. All in bibliography,
then start the volume. For example the amount. Let's give an example. Total if it is 100, all at once in their thesis. Then I
calculated that 5 years ago. 5 years ago I thought there were 70. So you
calculate on your phone that might be more expensive than mine. So you press
the calculator, press what percentage one hundred times. That means you already
have 70 percent of the latest references. Means thatg, this thesis is
acceptable. If for example, we know that we actually want to prevent this
student from plagiarism. Their imitated completely, or the student was lazy to
write in their conclusion. I don't even want to read, I want to refer to the
latest again, I don't want to. Then when we ask why do not have the latest
reference. There is no a study journal for the topic . I was looking for it but could not find it.
What they was looking for, there were three articles they was looking for.
Another 546 titles, they did not search.
They searched but then said that could
not find it.. So we do not accept that verse. So everyone did not accept. Not
only me but all the supervisors did not accept. So, make sure you look for it.
Exactly, 70 percent can be acceptable. You can rest your body. Go to shopping
complex, eat a lot for the reasons that we can celebrate that 70 percent
reference that has been achieved. That's right. So, make sure 70 percent. Don't
do it until you can. They sometimes said ‘oh no sir, I just got 20 percent only.
I have tried, I have tried 3 years. Want to find the latest reference, can not
find. I got it all mostly 1980s. Then get 2010 down’. Indeed, I said please
make your own university. Because they did not try directly. So make sure 70
percent of the latest references.
See on the date you want to send, make that
reference. Don't ... there's another one. For example, if you sent 2023. Okay, for example he wants to send in 2023 on December.
Okay let's just take October. This October I want to send 2023 but it is found
that the 2023 reference is not available. Absolutely not in the thesis. While the
time he wants to submit is October. This means that articles for 2023 have come
out a lot. It has come out a lot, but when we check it will not refer to 2023.
2022 again it will not. That he has a lot of this, 2021, 2022. No way. We have
to get it, especially this one, which if there is the latest when you submit
your thesis, it is the best. There is also this one, again! So this one is
important. Do not focus on this one. So make sure there is, on the date you
sent it, that year there must be a reference. Okay, this part is important.
These references are all important. Ways to refer to everything are in this.
There are various ways to make a reference. Bibliography and references, how we
want to write, all the ways it is different. But if the name of the Malays, in
the Malay it must be a writing using full name. For example, Normaliza Abd
Rahim. But sometimes I send articles or international journals, for example I
have written in the article Nomaliza Abd Rahim. Bibliography is also Normaliza
Abd Rahim, but the people reformatted it. So my name is like this (Rahim Abd
Normaliza). They does it automatically, I do not know. Because I believe, there
are million people named Rahim. Especially this one Rahim, it is crowded. That
is why I took Normaliza Abd Rahim, but we had to follow the way of the journal.
Because the international journal has its own format. Sometimes I submit, they
sends it back and they said please change the way of writing, so it's good to
follow their way. This is because the name of the West has to be the last name.
That is why they has to follow all the Western ways. We follow the Western way.
It depends on what comes out, if this is a journal. Later on, I will explain
about the journal in the next video.
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